Autologous and allogeneic cell therapies are often compared from a scientific or clinical perspective. For organizations responsible for manufacturing and delivery, however, the most meaningful differences appear in the supply chain. These therapies follow fundamentally different operational models. Treating them as minor variations of the same workflow is one of the most common reasons cell and gene therapy (CGT) supply chains struggle to scale. Across CMOs, CDMOs, and therapy developers, a consistent pattern has emerged: when supply chain design does not reflect the underlying therapy model, compliance risk increases, timelines extend, and teams rely on manual workarounds that were never …